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Jumat, 09 Mei 2014

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 3



Exercise 35: Passive Voice

question :
1.      Somebody calls the president everyday
2.      John is calling the other members
3.      Somebody will call Mr Walson tonight
4.      The fire has caused considerate damage 
5.      The teacher should buy the supplies for this class

answer :
1.      The President was called by somebody everyday
2.      The other members is being called by John
3.      Mr. Walson will be called by somebody tonight
4.      Considerate damage has been caused by the fire
5.      The supplies should be bought by the teacher for this class

Exercise 36 Causative Verb

1.       The Teacher made juan to leave the room.
2.      Toshiko had her car repair by a mechanic.
3.      Ellen got Marvin typed her paper.
4.      I made jane call her friend on the telephone.
5.      we got our house painted last week.
6.      Dr Byrd is having the students write a composition.
7.      The Policemen made the suspect lie on the ground.
8.      Mark got his transcript sent to the university.
9.      Maria is getting her hair to cut tomorrow.
10.  We will have to get the Dean to sign this form.
11.  The teacher let Al leave the classroom.
12.  Maria got Ed washed the pippets.
13.  She always has her car fixed by the same mechanic.
14.  Gene got his book published by a subsidy publisher.
15.  We have to help janet to find her keys.


Pengertian Passive Voice

Passive voice adalah suatu grammatical construction (bentuk gramatikal) dimana subject pada sentence (kalimat) atau clause (klausa) tidak melakukan aksi, melainkan menerima aksi atau ditindaklanjuti (receiver of action) oleh agent lain (doer of action) baik disebutkan ataupun tidak. 
Sebaliknya, pada konstruksi active, subject pada sentence atau clause berhubungan langsung dengan verb dengan bertindak sebagai pelaku aksi.
Kalimat aktif dapat ditransformasi menjadi pasif, namun hanya transitive verb (mempunyai direct object) yang dapat diberlakukan demikian.
Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice pada Auxiliary Verb be:
Komponen
Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice
Subject
be
PP
I
am
paid
I am paid in dollars.
(Saya dibayar dalam dollar.)
the red velvet recipe
is
used
The red velvet recipe is used by many people.
(Resep red velvet tsb digunakan oleh banyak orang.)
all of my shoes
are
washed
All of my shoes are washed every month.
(Semua sepatu saya dicuci setiap bulan.)
large amounts of meat and milk
are
consumed
Large amounts of meat and milk are consumed by many people in the countries.
(Sejumlah besar daging dan susu dikonsumsi oleh banyak orang di negara-negara tsb.)
the book
was
edited
The book was edited by Beatrice Sparks.
(Buku tsb disunting oleh Beatrice Sparks.)
the books
were
edited
The books were edited by Beatrice Sparks.
(Buku-buku tsb disunting oleh Beatrice Sparks.)
Pengecualian pada Transitive Verbs
Tidak semua transitive verb, kata kerja yang memiliki direct object, dapat dipasifkan. Beberapa kata kerja tersebut yang antara lain: have, become, lack, look like, mean, dll akan terdengar tidak wajar maknanya ketika dipasifkan. Beberapa contoh kalimat dari kata kerja tersebut adalah sebagai berikut.
Contoh:
  • I have a great new idea. —> tidak dapat dipasifkan dengan: A great new idea is had by me.
  • The snack contains aspartame. —> tidak dapat dipasifkan dengan: Aspartame is contained by the snack.

Bentuk dari Passive Voice (kalimat pasif) adalah : TO BE / BE + VERB 3
Dalam bentuk kalimat pasif, biasanya diikuti dengan frase by.

Contoh Passive Voice (Kalimat Passive)

ACTIVE:         Jane helps Tina. (Artinya: Jane menolong Tina)
PASSIVE:       Tina is helped by Jane. (Artinya: Tina ditolong oleh Jane)

Pada kalimat pasif, Object dari kalimat aktif (Tina) berubah menjadi Subject.

Merubah Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif) ke dalam bentuk Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)
Tenses
ACTIVE
PASSIVE
Jane helps Tina.
Tina is helped by Jane.
Jane is helping Tina.
Tina is being helped by Jane.
Jane has helped Tina.
Tina has been helped by Jane.
Jane helped Tina.
Tina was helped by Jane.
Jane was helping Tina.
Tina was being helped by Jane.
Jane had helped Tina.
Tina had been helped by Jane.
Jane will help Tina.
Tina will be helped by Jane.
Jane is going to help Tina.
Tina is going to be helped by Jane.
Jane will have helped Tina.
Tina will have been helped by Jane.


(Bentuk Progressive/ Continuous dari Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future, dan Future Perfect sangat jarang digunakan dalam bentuk kalimat pasif)

Object Tak Langsung Sebagai Subject Pasif

Contoh:
ACTIVE:         Someone gave Mrs. Grim an award.
PASSIVE:       Mrs. Grim was given an award by someone.
ACTIVE:         Someone gave an award to Mrs. Grim.
PASSIVE:       An award was given to Mrs. Grim.

Direct Object (Object Langsung)         : Sesuatu.
Indirect Object (Object tak langsung): Yang menerima sesuatu.

Contoh 4 kalimat di atas semuanya mempunyai makna yang sama.

Mrs. Grim: sebagai object tak langsung (Indirect Object), dan an award: sebagai object langsung (Direct Object).

Baik Object langsung  ataupun Object tak langsung bisa menjadi Subject dalam bentuk kalimat pasif.

CATATAN: Ketika object langsung menjadi subject, frase to biasanya digunakan didepan atau sebelum object tak langsung (lihat contoh kalimat ke 4).
 
sumber :
- http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-dan-contoh-kalimat-passive-voice
- http://bahasainggrisonlines.blogspot.com/2012/12/passive-voice-kalimat-pasif.html

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